Bauxite is alumina from a common, usually reddish-brown rock, which is named after the locality of Le-Bo in the south of France. Bauxite contains from 28 to 60% Al2O3. Bauxite always contains iron oxide Fe2O3, also there can be  the oxides of titanium, phosphorus, manganese, calcium and magnesium. During the Second World War, when many of the warring countries lacked aluminum derived from bauxite, used when necessary other raw materials: Italy received aluminum from lava from Vesuvius, the USA and Germany - of kaolin clay, Japan - from the clay shale and alynit. But it was costing an average aluminum five times more expensive than aluminum from bauxite, and after the war, when they were discovered enormous reserves of this species in Africa, South America, and later in Australia, the aluminum industry throughout the world has returned to the traditional raw material bauxite.